Prehospital and Disaster Medicine

Table of Contents
JanuaryFebruary 2008

Editor’s Corner
Response and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Marvin L. Birnbaum, MD, PhD

Comprehensive Review
Mass-Casualty Triage: Time for an Evidence-Based Approach
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Jennifer Lee Jenkins, MD; Melissa L. McCarthy, ScD; Lauren M. Sauer, BA; Gary B. Green, MD; Stephanie Stuart, BS;
Tamara L.Thomas, MD; Edbert B. Hsu,MD

Childhood Crash Injury Patterns Associated with Restraint Misuse: Implications for
Field Triage
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Eileen M. Bulger, MD; Robert Kaufman, BS; Charles Mock,MD, PhD

Original Research
Compliance with Seat Belt Use in Benin City, Nigeria. . . . . . . . .16
Pius Ehiawaguan Iribhogbe, MBBS, FWACS; Clement Odigie Osime, MBBS, FMCS

Trauma Incidents Attended by Emergency Medical Services in Victoria, Australia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Malcolm J. Boyle, M ClinEpi; Erin C. Smith, M ClinEpi; Frank L. Archer. MBBS, MPH

Comparative Study of Psychiatric Morbidity among the Displaced and Non-Displaced
Populations in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands following the Tsunami
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Suresh Bada Math, MD, DNB, PGDMLE; John P. John, MD, DPM; Satish Chandra Girimaji, MD;
Vivek Benegal, MD; Biju Sunny, MD; K. Krishnakanth, MD; Uday Kumar, GS, Mphil in CP;
Ameer Hamza, Mphil in PSW, PhD; Shweta Tandon, Mphil in CP; Kavitha Jangam, Mphil in PSW;
K.S. Meena, Mphil in PSW; Biju Chandramukhih, Mphil in PSW; D. Nagaraja, DPM, DM
-WITH-
Editorial Comments by Carol Amaratunga, PhD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35

Drug Abuse-Related Emergency Calls: A Metropolis-Wide Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Athanasia Togia, MD; Theodoros N. Sergentanias, MD; Michael Sindos, PhD; Dimitrios Ntourakis, MD;
Evangelos Doumouchtsis, MD; Ioannis N. Sergentanis, MD; Constantinos Bachtis, MD; Demetrios Pyrros, MD;
Nikolaos Papaefstathiou, MS


Chief Complaints, Diagnoses, and Medications Prescribed Seven Weeks Post-Katrina
in New Orleans
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Erica Howe, MD; David Victor, MD; Eboni G. Price, MD, MPH

Faith-Based Organizations and Sustainable Sheltering Operations in Mississippi after
Hurricane Katrina: Implications for Informal Network Utilization
. . . . . . . . . .48

Anjali T. Pant, MD, MPH; Thomas D. Kirsch, MD, MPH, FACEP; Italo R. Subbarao, DO, MBA;
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh, PhD, MSc; Alexander Vu, DO,MPH
-WITH-
Editorial Comments by Lynda Redwood-Campbell, MD, FCFP, DMTH, MPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55

Differences in Sources of Information Used by the Population between the Affected Area
and the General Population during the First Phase of a Bird Flu Outbreak
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Maj. Rami Peltz, MA; Cap. Galit Avisar-Shohat, MA; Miri Venture Gabay, RN; Col. Yaron Bar-Dayan, MD

Standards in Collaborative International Disaster Drills: A Case Study of Two International
Search-and-Rescue Drills
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Maj. Ariel Rokach ,MD, MHA; Maj. Moshe Pinkert, MD, MHA; Dani Nemet, MD;
Col. (res.) Prof. Avishay Goldberg, PhD; Col. Yaron Bar-Dayan, MD, MHA

Development of an “All Hazards” Hospital Disaster Preparedness Training Course
Utilizing Multi-Modality Teaching
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Brett Collander, BS; Brad Green, MD; Yuri Millo, MD; Christine Shamloo, RN, MSN;
Joyce Donnellan, RN, MSN, CCRN; Craig DeAtley, PA-C
-WITH-
Editorial Comments by Paul Arbon, BSc, MEd(Studies), PhD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
68

How and Why Do You Declare a Major Incident?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Colin John Smart, BSc; Ian Maconochie, MB, BS, FFAEM, FRCPCH

Practical Solutions for Injury Surveillance at Mass Gatherings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Kathryn Zeitz, BN, MN, PhD; Chris Zeitz, MBBS, PhD; Paul Arbon, BSc, MEd(Studies), PhD;
Fiona Cheney, BN, BA, MSocSc; Renee Johnston; James Hennekam

Supplement
Defining the Problem, Main Objective, and Strategies of Medical Management in
Mass-Casualty Incidents Caused by Terrorist Events
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Itamar Ashkenazi, MD; Boris Kessel; Oded Olsha; Taufik Khashan, Meir Oren; Jacob Haspel; Ricardo Alfici


Lessons Learned from Chlorine Intoxications in Swimming Pools:The Challenge of
Pediatric Mass Toxicological Events
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Ofer Lehavi, MD; Adi Leiba, MD; Yehudit Dahan, MHA; Dagan Schwartz, MD; Odeda Benin-Goren, RN, PhD;
Rama Schwartz, MD; Arie Augarten, MD; Josef Ben Ari, MD; Yoram Ben Yehuda, MD; Gali Weiss, RN, MHA;
Yeheskel Levi, MD; Yaron Bar-Dayan, MD, MHA


Polonium-210 Poisoning in London: Hypochondriasis and Public Health
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Oliver W. Morgan, PhD, MFPH; Lisa Page, MSc, MRCPsych; Sarah Forrester, BSc;Helen Maguire, MPH, FFPHM

Statement
The Provision of Care for Victims of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Releases: the Position of the World Association for Disaster and EmergencyMedicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
CBRN Task Force Statement
David Baker, MD; Kristi Koenig, MD, FACEP; Tareg Bey, MD