1. The primary task of management is to: (choose the best answer)
a) plan in advance
b) coordinate national and international relief efforts
c) make rapid, informed decisions and coordinate group efforts
d) determine parameters of jobs, incomes, and services that apply during disaster conditions
e) take control during a crisis

2. To neutralize the confusion of the emergency period, disaster management places heavy emphasis on: (choose the best answer)
a) advance planning
b) strategic planning
c) organizational planning
d) field management planning
e) forward planning

3. Choose the appropriate letter from the following list to fill in the blanks in the sentence below.
a) field-level managers
b) middle-level managers
c) top management
It is usually considered more effective to have _____ make all program decisions, make financial and other organizational decisions, and serve as resource coordinators.

4. Disaster managers may find themselves working in environments that are:
a) economically turbulent
b) politically hostile
c) demographically diverse
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

5. It is especially critical to identify needs:
a) during the emergency phase of a disaster
b) during the transition phase of a disaster
c) during the reconstruction phase of a disaster
d) a+b
e) during all disaster phases

6. Deciding to give priority to a particular area following a disaster is an example of:
a) practicing favoritism
b) determining strategies and approaches
c) setting up the program
d) allocating resources
e) setting policy

7. Before an agency decides which activities it will undertake in a particular area, it at least should:
a) agree upon one standard approach that all agencies in the affected area should follow
b) notify all department heads of agencies in the affected area of a plan of action
c) take inventory of the resources available to other agencies in the area
d) be certain of its planning priorities
e) be well informed of activities of other agencies operating within the same area

8. There usually is no established procedure for handling:
a) non-routine decisions
b) routine decisions
c) technically guided decisions
d) decisions made under conditions of risk
e) decision-making

9. In emergencies, non-routine decisions most often are made by:
a) field level managers
b) middle level managers
c) top management
d) technical advisors
e) a board of directors

10. The first step in making decisions in an emergency is to:
a) evaluate alternatives
b) formulate a policy
c) gather and collate information
d) identify goals
e) define the problem

11. Monitoring trends in nutritional states of disaster victims is an example of:
a) epidemiologic surveillance
b) situation reports
c) early warning reports
d) disaster assessment reports
e) sitreps

12. Intelligence information that reports on trends and patterns can aid in: (choose the best answer)
a) intra-organizational flow of information
b) emergency evacuation procedures
c) short-term relief efforts
d) long-range, strategic planning
e) updating weather bulletins

13. One of the most important administrative positions is that of (choose the best answer):
a) secretary
b) program coordinator
c) accountant
d) public relations officer
e) storekeeper

14. People are more liable to resist a leader's efforts when the threat of disaster is:
a) constant and recurring
b) moderate and recurring
c) imminent
d) moderate and infrequent
e) widespread

15. A common misconception of inexperienced disaster workers is that:
a) victims will be unable or unwilling to work
b) tents should be ordered to provide emergency shelter
c) they will be forced to do unpleasant work with little or no compensation
d) they will have to camp out in tents
e) water should be boiled before being used

16. A group of people whose job is to define parameters of a task and make recommendations is a(n):
a) task group
b) committee
c) organic group
d) ad hoc group
e) work group

17. When a group can satisfy individual needs for status, recognition, or material gain, this increases group:
a) divisiveness
b) elitism
c) status
d) autonomy
e) cohesion

18. Once different tasks and specialists needed to do them have been identified, the agency is then in a position to develop (choose the best answer):
a) chains of command
b) a decentralized organizational structure
c) job descriptions
d) budget line items
e) support staff

19. Dividing work into more and more piece meal assignments may result in (choose the best answer):
a) greater efficiency
b) overlapping jobs
c) lower output and morale
d) increased morale
e) greater cost

20. Redefining jobs might be a way to:
a) give workers more autonomy
b) enlarge the workload
c) reduce the workload
d) exercise greater control over workers
e) all of the above
f) none of the above

21. The success of relief efforts in a community should be measured by:
a) quantifiable measures of aid given and individuals helped
b) fulfillment of short-term objectives
c) a return to normal socio-economic patterns
d) a broad-based assessment of impact on the community
e) the length of time between the emergency and full recovery

______22. As an organization increases In size and complexity, its management adapts by becoming more generalized with a more centralized power structure.

______23. Actions taken by an agency in different periods of a disaster are guided by the same objectives.

______24. Budgeting for post-disaster programs is usually a trial-and-error process.

______25. In most situations, the manager does not know exactly what will occur.

______26. Major decisions are usually made by the disaster manager alone.

______27. The person assigned to take corrective steps must have clearly delegated authority to correct problems.

______28. Graphic charts and diagrams are used to monitor and control activities.

______29. Expatriate volunteers are preferable to local or refugee workers because they are easier to understand and communicate with.

______30. In practice, it has been found that the organized in work will be performed more quickly and efficiently if people are offered attractive rates of pay.

______31. It is damaging to local peoples' pride when outsiders are called in to perform much of the relief work.

______32. A highly centralized government generally would be better able to handle relief efforts under disaster conditions than would a decentralized government.

______33. Before a manager can decide upon what approaches to take to motivate workers, he or she should consider personality and goals of each staff member.

______34. It is important that all workers performing within a disaster relief organization be motivated by strictly humanitarian concerns.

______35. The higher the level of staff motivation and commitment, the less likely they are to experience "burn-out."

______36. Few personnel working in disasters have had prior experience.

______37. Working relationships change at different stages of a disaster.

______38. As the size of a group increases, its cohesiveness tends to increase.

______39. Objective measures of performance are unbiased, whereas subjective measures tend to be biased.

______40. When conducting an appraisal interview, the manager should focus on positive work performance.