Prehospital and Disaster Medicine

Table of Contents
VOLUME 18, NUMBER 2
April – June 2003

Position Paper
World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine: Psychosocial Task Force—
Alert and Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Gloria R. Leon, PhD; Ann Masten, PhD; Patricia Frazier, PhD; Abi Gewirtz, PhD; John Hubbard, PhD;
Louis M. Najarian, MD; Shabtai Noy, PhD; Heather Mortensen, MA

Editor’s Corner
Terrorism, et al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Marvin L. Birnbaum, MD, PhD

Editorials
The International Burden of Terrorism: An Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Jeffrey L. Arnold,MD

Theoretical Discussion
A Proposed Universal Medical and Public Health Definition of Terrorism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Jeffrey L. Arnold, MD; Per Örtenwall, MD; Marvin L. Birnbaum, MD PhD; Knut Ole Sundnes, MD;
Anil Aggrawal, MD; V. Anantharaman, FRCP (Edin), FRCS Ed (A&E), FAMS; Abdul Wahab Al Musleh, MD;
Yasufumi Asai, MD; Frederick M. Burkle, Jr.,MD, MPH, FAAP, FACEP; Jae Myung Chung, MD, PhD;
Felipe Cruz Vega, MD; Michel Debacker, MD; Francesco Della Corte, MD;
Herman Delooz, MD, PhD, FCCM, FFAEM (hon.); Garth Dickinson, MD, FRCPC;
Timothy Hodgetts, MMEd, FRCP FRCSEd, FFAEM, FIMC; C. James Holliman, MD;
Campbell MacFarlane, FRCS, FACEM, FFAEM; Ulkumen Rodoplu,MD; Edita Stok, MD;
Ming-Che Tsai, MD,MPH

Special Reports
Terrorism in Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Muro Marcelo, MD; Roberto Cohen, MD; Daniel Maffei, MD; Marcelo Ballesteros, MD; Luis Espinosa
Medical Preparation for Terrorism in Australia. Is Luck Running Out for "The Lucky Country?" . .57
David G.E. Caldicott, BSc(Hons), MBBS (London); Nicholas A. Edwards, MBBS, FRACP, FJFICM

Medical Preparation for Terrorism in Australia. Is Luck Running Out for "The Lucky Country?". . . . . .57
David G.E. Caldicott, BSc(Hons), MBBS (London); Nicholas A. Edwards, MBBS, FRACP, FJFICM

Terrorism in Bulgaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
George Shanduorkov,MD

Terrorism in Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Daniel Kollek, MD, CCFP (EM)

Terrorism in Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Gabriel Darío Paredes Zapata, MD

Terrorism in Croatia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Nikola Bradic, MD; Drazen Cuculic, MD, PhD; Ervin Jancic, MD

Terrorism in France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
Pierre Carli, MD; Caroline Telion, MD; David Baker, DM, FRCA

Terrorism in Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Aryono D. Pusponegoro, MD

Terrorism in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Yasufumi Asai, MD; Jeffrey L. Arnold,MD

The Burden of Terrorism in Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Azhar Abdul Aziz, FRCS (A&E)

Terrorism in Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
Yannick Nordin, MD; Felipe Cruz-Vega MD; Fernando Roman MD

Terrorism in Peru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Dora H. Barrientos Hernandez, MD; Adam L. Church,MD

Terrorism in Taiwan, Republic of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
Ming-Che Tsai, MD,MPH; Chia-Chang Chuang, MD; Jeffrey Arnold, MD; Mau-Hwa Lee,MD, MSc;
Sun-Chieh Hsu, MD; Chih-Hsien Chi, MD

Terrorism in South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Campbell MacFarlane, MMed, PhD, FRCS, FACS, FACEM, FFAEM, FIFEM

Terrorism in South Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Soon Joo Wang, MD; Jin Tae Choi, PhD; Jeffrey Arnold,MD

Terrorism in Spain: Emergency Medical Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
Luis García-Castrillo Riesgo, MD,MPH; Antonio García Merino, DUE

Terrorism in Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
Ulkumen Rodoplu, MD; Jeffrey Arnold, MD; Gurkan Ersoy, MD